Saboda kyakkyawan tsarin aikin kwayoyin halittasiliki mai, An yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin ƙarewar laushi mai laushi. Babban nau'insa shine: na farko ƙarni na hydroxyl silicone man fetur da hydrogen silicone man fetur, ƙarni na biyu amino silicone man fetur, zuwa ƙarni na uku mahara block silicone mai. Kamar yadda buƙatun mutane na hannu ya inganta, man siliki na halitta ya sami haɓaka shekaru da yawa.
1.Hydroxyl silicone mai
Babban tsarin hydroxyl silicone mai shine polymer madaidaiciya tare da ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl a ƙarshen duka da silica silicon a matsayin babban sarkar. Hanyar haɗakarwa ta gama gari ita ce wacce aka yi ta hydrolyzing polycondensation na dimethyl dichlorosilane. Saboda ƙarancin ƙarfinsa, ƙarancin polarity da ƙarancin adsorption akan saman ƙasa, aikace-aikacen al'ada na man silicone na hydroxyl yana buƙatar babban nauyin kwayoyin don samun sakamako mai kyau na aikace-aikacen. Saboda haka, gabaɗaya man fetur na silicone hydroxyl da ake amfani da shi azaman karewamai laushipolymer ne mai nauyin nauyin kwayoyin halitta. Akwai ya zo a drawback cewa kamar yadda silicone man fetur, saboda da low surface makamashi da kuma musamman matalauta ruwa dispersibility, mafi girma rabo daga emulsifiers da shearing da dispersing inji tare da high watsawa ake bukata don emulsify da watsa shi a cikin mafi kyau microemulsions. Amma duk da haka, har yanzu kwanciyar hankalinta na tsufa ba ta da kyau. Har ila yau za a yi wani sabon abu na emulsion stratification bayan dogon lokaci da aka sanya.
2.Hydrogen silicone mai
Babban tsarin hydrogen silicone man ne polysiloxane tare da silicon-hydrogen bond a ko'ina rarraba a kan gefen rukuni na silicon oxygen sarkar. Hanyoyin haɗin kai na gama gari sun haɗa da polycondensation na hydrolytic na methyl hydrodichlorosilane da polymerization na buɗewar zobe na jikin zoben hydrosiloxane. Saboda kwanciyar hankali na silicon-hydrogen bond ba shi da kyau, yana da sauƙin dehydrogenate don haka yana da sauƙin adsorb tare da ƙungiyoyin polar akan kayan yadi. Don haka yana da mafi kyawun kayan adsorptive. Yana da kyakkyawan aikin aikace-aikacen akan fibers cellulose da fibers sunadaran, yayin da mummunan tasiri akan filayen sinadarai. Daidai da man fetur na silicone na hydroxyl, aikin emulsifying ba shi da kyau kuma kwanciyar hankali ba ta da kyau. Idan abun ciki na hydrogen ya yi yawa a lokacin aikace-aikacen, yana da sauƙi don kaiwa ga cewa abun ciki na hydrogen mai taguwar ya yi yawa, wanda yake da haɗari ga yanayin zafi mai zafi lokacin saitawa.
3.Amino silicone man fetur
Babban tsarinamino silicone man fetur isa polysiloxane mai dauke da rukunin amino a tarnaƙi bayan polymerization ta ƙara amino silane coupling agent. Taushi da rarrabuwar ruwa na polysiloxane an inganta sosai saboda kyakkyawar talla da kuma ɗaure ikon rukunin amino zuwa masana'anta da polarity mai kyau. Musamman akan yadudduka na fibers cellulose, yana da kyakkyawan sakamako na aikace-aikacen. Ta hanyar daidaita darajar ammonia, ana iya daidaita nau'in wakilin haɗin gwiwar amino silane da nauyin kwayoyin halittar mai na amino silicone. Wannan zai iya shirya wadataccen tasirin aikace-aikacen. Koyaya, saboda babban sarkar sa har yanzu tsarin siloxane ne, don haka yana buƙatar ƙarin wakili na emulsifying don cimma sakamako mai kyau na emulsifying. A lokaci guda, saboda ayyukan amino na amino silicone mai yana da girma kuma yana kan kashi na gefe. Don haka yana da wuya a cire shi daga masana'anta bayan adsorption. Wannan zai zama da wahala a cirewa a cikin rini na yadi da kuma gamawa lokacin da yake buƙatar canza launi, kawar da wrinkles ko spots silicone. Haka kuma juriyar ruwa mai kauri ko ruwan alkali na emulsion dinsa duka suna da rauni.
4.Toshe mai silicone
Babban tsarin toshe silicone mai shine cewa a cikin babban sarkar polysiloxane an haɗa shi, ƙirƙira da polymerized tare da wasu sassan sarkar polyether hydrophilic. Ta hanyar toshewa, ƙirƙira da polymerizing tare da sashin sarkar amino, wanda ke haɓaka aikin hydrophilic da kayan emulsifying na siloxane. Ta hanyar daidaita ma'auni, nau'i da nauyin kwayoyin halitta na sassan sarkar uku, za'a iya shirya ƙarin samfurori. Don ingantacciyar haɓakar hydrophilic ta, ya fi dacewa da ƙayyadaddun tausasawa don filayen sinadarai, tare da ingantaccen aiki na canza launi da cirewa. Saboda rukunin amino na ammonia ne, ammonia na uku har ma da ammonia quaternary, ba shi da sauƙin rawaya. Hakanan sanannen mai laushi ne a cikin bincike na gyare-gyare a zamanin yau.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-08-2021