Nā Waiʻona

ʻO nā waiʻawaʻawa kuʻuna e pili ana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wai e loaʻa ana nā pūʻulu ʻakika i loko o ke ʻano o ka wai, i hoʻoluʻu pinepine ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana waikawa.

 ʻO ka nānā ʻana o nā wai waika

1. ʻO ka mōʻaukala o nā wai waika

I ka makahiki 1868, ua ʻike ʻia nā wai waihoʻoluʻu ʻakika mua loa, ʻo ia ka triaromatic methane acid dyes, nona ka ikaika.kala ʻanahiki akā ʻilihune ka wikiwiki.

I ka makahiki 1877, ua synthesized i laila ka wai waihoʻoluʻu mua no ke kala hulu hipa, e like me ka ʻulaʻula A. Ua hoʻoholo ʻia ke ʻano kumu.

Ma hope o ka makahiki 1890, ua hana ʻia ka wai waihoʻoluʻu me ka anthraquinone.A ʻoi aku ka nui o ka chromatography piha.

I kēia manawa, aia ma kahi o nā haneli o nā ʻano wai waika, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka huluhulu, siliki a me ka nylon, etc.

2. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o nā waiʻona

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka pūʻulu ʻakika i nā mea waihoʻoluʻu ʻakika ma ka pūʻulu ʻakika sulfonic (-SO₃H) a aia ma ke ʻano o ka paʻakai sodium sulfonic acid (-SO₃NA) ma ka mole kala.A ua hoʻokumu ʻia kekahi ma ka sodium carboxylate (-COONa).

Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe wai ʻia ka wai, ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻālohilohi, ka chromatography piha a me ke ʻano molekala maʻalahi ma mua o nā mea pena ʻē aʻe.No ka nele o ka ʻōnaehana conjugate lōʻihi i loko o nā molekala kala, ua haʻahaʻa ka pololei o nā wai waika.

3. The reaction mechanism of acid dyes

Huluhulu — NH₃⁺ + ^-O₃S — Wailu → Huluhulu — NH₃⁺·^-O₃S — Waiole

Silika — NH₃⁺ + ^-O₃S — Wailu → Silika — NH₃⁺·^-O₃S — Waiole

Nilona — NH₃⁺ + ^-O₃S — Wailu → Nylon — NH₃⁺·^-O₃S — Waiole

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā wai waiʻakika

1.Classification e ka molecular structure of dye parent

■ Nā waihoʻoluʻu Azo (He 60% ka laulā ākea)

■ Nā mea hoʻoluʻu Anthraquinone (He 20% ka nui o nā moʻo uliuli a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo)

■ Nā wai methane triaromatic (He 10% moʻo ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo)

■ Nā waihoʻoluʻu Heterocyclic (He 10% ka moʻo ʻulaʻula a me ka poni.)

2.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka pH o nā mea pena

■ Nā waiʻakika i loko o ka ʻauʻau waika ikaika: ʻO ka waiʻona pH he 2.5~4.Maikaʻi ka wikiwiki māmā, akā maikaʻi ʻole ka wikiwiki o ka mālama ʻana i ka pulu.He nani ke kala kala a maikaʻi ka waiwai hoʻohālikelike.

■ Nā waiʻakika i loko o ka ʻauʻau waiuma nāwaliwali: ʻO ka waiʻona pH ʻo 4~5.He haʻahaʻa ka nui o ka pūʻulu ʻakika sulfonic i loko o ke ʻano molekala o ka wai.No laila ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi ka hoʻoheheʻe wai.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokē ʻai ʻana ma mua o nā wai waika i loko o ka ʻauʻau waika ikaika, akāhoʻolikelikeilihune iki ka waiwai.

■ Nā waiʻakika i loko o ka ʻauʻau waiʻawaʻawaʻawaʻawaʻawaʻawa: ʻO ka waiʻona pH he 6-7.ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka pūʻulu ʻakika sulfonic i loko o ka molecular structure o ka wai.He haʻahaʻa ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o nā wai a maikaʻi ʻole ka waiwai hoʻohālikelike.ʻAʻole lawa ka mālamalama o ka waihoʻoluʻu, akā kiʻekiʻe ka wikiwiki o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka pulu.

ʻO ka wikiwiki kala maʻamau o nā waiʻakika

1.Light fastness

ʻO ia ke kū'ē o ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka textile i ke kukui artificial.ʻO ka maʻamau e hoʻāʻo ʻia e like me ISO105 B02.

2.Ka wikiwiki kalae holoi

ʻO ia ke kūpaʻa o ke kala o ka lole i ka holoi ʻana ma lalo o nā kūlana like ʻole, e like me ISO105 C01\C03\E01, etc.

3.Color fastness i ka hamo

ʻO ia ke kūʻē ʻana o ke kala o ka textile i ka hana ʻānai ʻana.Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ka wikiwiki i ka hamo maloʻo a me ka wikiwiki i ka hamo pulu.

4.Color fastness i ka wai chlorine

Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka colorfastness i ka wai loko chlorine.ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ia ke hoʻohālike i ka neʻe ʻana o ka chlorine i loko o kahi wai ʻauʻau e hoʻāʻo ai i ke kūʻē ʻana o ka lole i ka chlorine discoloration.No ka laʻana, ʻo ke ʻano hoʻāʻo ISO105 E03 (ʻO ka maʻi chlorine kūpono ʻo 50ppm.) He kūpono ia no nā lole ʻauʻau nylon.

5.Color fastness i ka hou

ʻO ia ke kūpaʻa o ke kala o ka textile i ka hou kanaka.Wahi a ka waika a me ka alkali o ka hou, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka wikiwiki o ka waihoʻoluʻu i ka ʻawaʻawa a me ka wikiwiki o ka waihoʻoluʻu i ka hou alkali.ʻO nā lole i hoʻoluʻu ʻia e nā waiʻawaʻa e hoʻāʻo ʻia no ka wikiwiki o ka waihoʻoluʻu i ka hoʻohu ʻana o ka alkali.

Wholesale 23016 High Concentration Acid Leveling Agent (No ka nylon) Mea hana a mea hoʻolako |Mea hou (textile-chem.com)