Mitundu ya Mafuta a Silicone Othandizira Zovala

Chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri a organicmafuta a silicone, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomaliza kufewetsa nsalu. Mitundu yake yayikulu ndi: m'badwo woyamba hydroxyl silikoni mafuta ndi wa hydrogen silikoni mafuta, m'badwo wachiwiri amino silikoni mafuta, kwa m'badwo wachitatu angapo chipika silikoni mafuta. Pomwe kufunikira kwa anthu kumagwirira ntchito kwakula, mafuta a organic silikoni asintha kwazaka zambiri.

1. Hydroxyl silikoni mafuta

Kapangidwe kake ka mafuta a hydroxyl silikoni ndi polima liniya wokhala ndi magulu a hydroxyl mbali zonse ziwiri ndi silikoni ya silika ngati unyolo waukulu. Njira yodziwika bwino yophatikizira ndi yomwe imapangidwa ndi hydrolyzing polycondensation ya dimethyl dichlorosilane. Chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yotsika pamwamba, polarity yofooka ndi kutengeka kofooka pamtunda, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a silikoni a hydroxyl kumafuna kulemera kwakukulu kwa maselo kuti akhale ndi zotsatira zabwino. Chifukwa chake, mafuta a hydroxyl silicone amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kumalizachofewetsandi polima yokhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu kwa maselo. Pakubwera zovuta kuti monga mafuta a silikoni, chifukwa cha kutsika kwamphamvu pamwamba komanso kusayenda bwino kwamadzi kwamadzi, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa ma emulsifiers ndi makina ometa ndi obalalitsa omwe ali ndi kubalalitsidwa kwakukulu amafunikira kuti emulsify ndi kuwabalalitsa mu ma microemulsions abwino. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, kukhazikika kwake kwa ukalamba kumakhalabe koipa. Padzakhalabe emulsion stratification chodabwitsa patapita nthawi yaitali anaika.

2. Mafuta a silikoni a haidrojeni

Kapangidwe kake ka mafuta a hydrogen silikoni ndi polysiloxane yokhala ndi silicon-hydrogen chomangira chogawidwa mofanana pagulu la mbali ya unyolo wa okosijeni wa silicon. Njira zodziwika bwino zophatikizira zimaphatikizapo hydrolytic polycondensation ya methyl hydrodichlorosilane ndi polymerization yotsegulira mphete ya matupi a mphete a hydrosiloxane. Chifukwa kukhazikika kwa silicon-hydrogen bond ndikosavuta, ndikosavuta kutulutsa madzi ndipo kotero ndikosavuta kuyitanitsa ndi magulu a polar pazinthu za nsalu. Chifukwa chake ili ndi katundu wabwinoko wa adsorptive. Imagwira ntchito bwino pama cellulose fibers ndi protein fibers, pomwe imakhudzanso ulusi wamankhwala. Mofanana ndi mafuta a silikoni a hydroxyl, ntchito yake ya emulsifying si yabwino ndipo kukhazikika kwake ndi koipa. Ngati ma hydrogen ali ochuluka kwambiri panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito, n'zosavuta kutsogolera kuti mizere ya haidrojeni yokhala ndi mizere imakhala yochuluka kwambiri, yomwe imakhala yoopsa ku malo otentha kwambiri poika.

3.Amino silikoni mafuta

Kapangidwe kake kaamino silikoni mafuta isa polysiloxane yokhala ndi amino gulu m'mbali pambuyo polima powonjezera amino silane coupling agent. Kufewa ndi kufalikira kwamadzi kwa polysiloxane kumakhala bwino kwambiri chifukwa cha kutsatsa kwabwino komanso kumangirira kwa gulu la amino ku nsalu ndi polarity yabwino. Makamaka pa nsalu za ulusi wa cellulose, zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Mwa kusintha mtengo wa ammonia, mtundu wa amino silane coupling agent ndi kulemera kwa molekyulu ya amino silikoni mafuta akhoza kusintha. Izo zikhoza kukonzekera wolemera ntchito zotsatira. Komabe, chifukwa unyolo wake waukulu akadali siloxane kapangidwe, choncho amafunikira emulsifying wothandizira kukwaniritsa bwino emulsifying zotsatira. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chifukwa ntchito ya amino ya amino silikoni mafuta ndi yokwera komanso ili pambali fupa. Choncho n'zovuta kuchotsa nsalu pambuyo adsorption. Izi zidzakhala zovuta kuchotsa mu utoto wa nsalu ndi kumaliza pamene zikufunika kusintha mtundu, kuchotsa makwinya kapena mawanga a silicone. Komanso kukana madzi olimba kapena madzi amchere a emulsion ake onse ndi ofooka.

4.Chotsani mafuta a silicone

Kapangidwe kake ka block silicone mafuta ndikuti mu unyolo waukulu wa polysiloxane amaphatikizidwa, kupangidwa ndikupangidwa ndi ma polymer ndi zigawo zina za hydrophilic polyether chain. Mwa njira yotsekereza, kupanga ndi polymerizing ndi gawo la unyolo wa amino, zomwe zimawongolera magwiridwe antchito a hydrophilic ndi emulsifying katundu wa siloxane. Ndi kusintha chiŵerengero, mitundu ndi maselo kulemera kwa zigawo zitatu unyolo, akhoza kukonzekera mankhwala ambiri. Chifukwa cha permeability yake yabwino ya hydrophilic, ndi yabwino kwambiri pakumaliza kufewetsa kwa ulusi wamankhwala, ndikuchita bwino kosintha mtundu ndikuchotsa. Chifukwa gulu la amino ndi la ammonia, tertiary ammonia komanso ngakhale quaternary ammonia, sikophweka kukhala chikasu. Komanso ndi chofewa chodziwika bwino pakufufuza zosintha masiku ano.

 

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