Amateka y'Iterambere ry'amavuta ya Silicone

Iyoroshya rya silicone organique ryatangiye muri 1950.Kandi iterambere ryayo ryanyuze mubyiciro bine.

1.Igisekuru cya mbere cyoroshya silicone

Mu 1940, abantu batangiye gukoresha dimethyldichlorosilance kugirango batereumwendakandi yungutse ubwoko bunaka bwo kwirinda amazi.Mu 1945, Elliott wo muri Amerika Rusange y’amashanyarazi (GE) yinjije fibre mu gisubizo cy’amazi ya alkaline hamwe na sodium methyl silanol.Nyuma yo gushyushya, fibre yagize ingaruka nziza zidafite amazi.

Mu ntangiriro ya za 50, Isosiyete y'Abanyamerika Dow Corning yasanze imyenda ivurwa na polysiloxane hamwe na Si-H yagize ingaruka nziza zitagira amazi kandi zikaba zifite umwuka mwiza.Ariko kumva ukuboko kwari gukennye kandi na firime ya silicone yari ikomeye, yoroheje kandi yoroshye kugwa.Hanyuma yakoreshejwe hamwe na polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).Ntabwo habonetse gusa ingaruka nziza zidafite amazi ariko nanone byoroshye kumva amaboko.Nyuma yibyo, nubwo ibicuruzwa bya silicone kwisi yose byateye imbere byihuse kandi bitwikiriye ubwoko butandukanye, mubyukuri byari ibyivanze bya dimethylamavuta ya silicone, byari bizwi hamwe nkibicuruzwa byamavuta ya silicone.Nibisekuru byambere byimyenda silicone yoroshye.

Igisekuru cya mbere cyoroshya silicone yamavuta ya silicone mu buryo butaziguye.Ariko kubera ko amavuta ya silicone ubwayo adafite itsinda rikora, ridashobora guhambira neza kumyenda kandi ntirishobora gukaraba.Ntabwo rero izagera ku ngaruka nziza iyo ikoreshejwe wenyine.

2.Igisekuru cya kabiri cyoroshya silicone

Mu rwego rwo gutsinda ibitagenda neza mu gisekuru cya mbere cyoroshya silicone, abashakashatsi bavumbuye igisekuru cya kabiri cya emulioni ya silicone hamwe na hydroxyl caps.Iyoroshya ahanini yari igizwe na hydroxyl silicone yamavuta ya emulsiya hamwe na hydrogène silicone yamavuta ya emulioni, yashoboraga gukora imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro hejuru yigitambara imbere ya catalizike yicyuma, igatanga imyenda yoroshye cyane, yogejwe kandi ihamye.

Ariko kubera ko yari ifite imikorere imwe kandi yamenetse byoroshye kandi ireremba amavuta, yasimbuwe nigisekuru cya gatatu cyoroshya silicone mbere yuko ikoreshwa cyane.

3.Igisekuru cya gatatu cyoroshya silicone

Igisekuru cya gatatu cyasilicone yoroshyeyateje imbere byihuse muri byo bigaragara mu myaka yashize.Itangiza ibindi bice cyangwa amatsinda akora mumurongo wingenzi cyangwa kuruhande rwa polysiloxane, nkitsinda rya polyether, itsinda rya epoxy, itsinda rya hydroxyl groupe, amino amino, carboxyl group, ester group, sulfhydryl group, nibindi birashobora kunoza cyane ubworoherane nibikorwa byuzuye ibintu byose by'imyenda.Kandi wishingikirije kumatsinda, irashobora gutanga imyenda muburyo butandukanye.

Ariko muri rusange igisekuru cya gatatu cyoroshya silicone igomba guhuza na polysiloxane ikora kugirango igere kubikorwa bikenewe byo kuvura.Biragoye kugenzura igipimo cyo guteranya, cyagize uruhare runini mubikorwa no kubishyira mubikorwa.

4.Igisekuru cya kane cyoroshya silicone

Igisekuru cya kane cyoroshya silicone cyongeye guhindurwa igisekuru cya gatatu cyoroshya silicone ukurikije ingaruka zisabwa zo kurangiza imyenda.Ibyo byatangije amatsinda menshi akora, ashobora kuzuza ibisabwa byose byo gutunganya imyenda atavanze.

Imyenda ivurwa na silicone yoroheje hamwe nubwoko butandukanye bwamatsinda akora bigira iterambere ryinshi mubworoherane, gukaraba, elastique na hydrophilicity, nibindi. Birahaza abakoresha ibyo bakeneye byose kumyenda, byahindutse icyerekezo nyamukuru cyiterambere ryiterambere rya silicone kuri bahari.

Ibicuruzwa byinshi 92702 Amavuta ya Silicone (Yoroheje & Byoroheje) Uwakoze nuwabitanga |Udushya (imyenda-chem.com)