Ihame ryibikorwa byabakozi bashakisha

Igikorwa cyo gushakisha ni inzira igoye ya fiziki ya chimique, harimo imirimo yo gucengera, kwigana, gutatanya, gukaraba no gukonjesha, nibindi. Ibikorwa byibanze byaumukozi ushinzwe gushakishamuri gahunda yo gushakisha harimo ahanini ibi bikurikira.

 1.Kunyunyuza no gucengera.

Kwinjira ni ngombwa mugikorwa cyo gushakisha. Icyambere, murwego rwoipambagukura, aside galacturonic ya pectine ihuza buhoro na Ca.²⁺na Mg²⁺mumazi yubutaka kugirango akore imyunyu ya pectin idashonga mumazi kandi bigoye guhumeka. Pectin ikwirakwizwa kurukuta rwibanze rwa selile kandi ikabuza hygroscopique yurukuta rwimbere rwimbere, rufite 98% bya selile. Ibintu bishashara biri muri fibre yipamba hamwe numwanda wamavuta mubisigisigi bisigaye bituma bigora umukozi wo gushakisha kwinjira muri fibrousyarnicyuho kigizwe no guhuza capillaries zingana. Icya kabiri, inzira yo gushakisha ikorwa mugisubizo cya soda ya caustic kumurongo runaka. Kuberako ubuso bwubuso bwa caustic soda yumuti ari mwinshi cyane, biragoye kubakozi bashakisha kwinjira. Kugirango inzira yo gushakisha igende neza, birakenewe gusunika fibre no kunoza imitungo yimbere hagati yumuti na fibre, ikeneye kongeramo surfactant ibereye ishobora kugabanya ubukana bwibisubizo byumuti hamwe nubushyamirane hagati yumuti na fibre. Kugirango fibre ibashe kuvugana numukozi wo gushakisha byuzuye kandi byiza, byihuta kandi byinjira.

Ukurikije inyigisho yibanze yo guhanagura no kwinjira, ukoresheje adsorption kuri interineti, surfactants irashobora kugabanya cyane γLG na γLS, bigatuma amazi yoroha. Muri icyo gihe, irashobora kongera inkingi yamazi ihagaze ya capillary izamuka, ifitiye akamaro abashakashatsi kugirango binjire mubice byimbere bya fibre. Ubwiza bwibikoresho byo gushakisha biterwa ahanini nubushobozi bwabwo bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe bwikigereranyo nigipimo cyinjira.

2. Gukaraba.

Imikorere yo kumesa mugikorwa cyo gushakisha iragoye cyane. Ubwa mbere, igomba guca intege imbaraga zifatika hagati yibishashara bya saponifike nibintu byamavuta hamwe nigitambara no kugabanya intera gahoro gahoro. Hanyuma ikuraho amavuta mumyenda ikoresheje imashini kandi ikanisohora mumavuta-yamazi kugirango irinde kwanduzwa. Ibikoresho bitari ionic mubisanzwe ni emulisiferi nziza. Mugihe anionic surfactants izakora electrode ebyiri kumurongo wa shashara / amazi kugirango irinde ibice bya peteroli guhurira hamwe, nibyiza gukora sisitemu ihamye ya emulsiya. Icya kabiri, igomba gukwirakwiza ibibyimba bya alkaline kugirango birinde kwanduza, bizakoresha imirimo yo gukwirakwiza ibintu byangiza, ndetse n’imikorere y’ibindi binyabuzima cyangwa ibinyabuzima bikwirakwiza ibintu.

Ubwoko bumwe cyangwa imiterere ya surfactant biragoye kugera kubintu byiza byavuzwe haruguru icyarimwe, birakenewe rero kuvanga ubwoko burenze bubiri butandukanye nuburyo butandukanye bwa surfactants. Irashobora guhindura neza ubwoko bwabo, imiterere n’itegeko-nshinga kugirango itange Hydrophile Lipophilic Balance (HLB) kugira ngo ihuze ibisabwa byo kwigana umwanda w’amavuta, kandi ifite micellar ihagije hamwe na CMC ihagije hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru (γCMC). Bizakora sisitemu yogukora sisitemu igumane imikorere myiza yo guhanagura hamwe na emulisile nziza, gutatanya no gusukura ibintu.

Igicuruzwa 11025 Gutesha agaciro no gushakisha abakozi bakora nuwabitanze | Udushya (imyenda-chem.com)