Madhayi easidhi echinyakare anoreva madhayi anonyungudika nemvura ane mapoka ane acidic muchimiro chedhayi, anowanzo dhayiwa pasi pemamiriro ane acidic.
Mhedziso yeAcid Dyes
1.Nhoroondo yemadhayi ane acid
Muna 1868, pakabuda madhayi eeasidhi ekutanga, sedhayi dze triaromatic methane acid, dzaive dzakasimba.dyeingkugona asi kutsanya kwakashata.
Muna 1877, ndipo pakagadzirwa dhayi yeasidhi yekutanga yekudhayiwa mvere, yakaita tsvuku A. Yakatemwa.
Mushure me1890, dhayi yeasidhi ine anthraquinone chimiro chakagadzirwa.Uye ine yakawanda uye yakazara yakazara chromatography.
Parizvino, kune angangoita mazana emhando dzedhayi dzeasidhi, dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukudhaya mvere dzemakwai, silika uye naironi, nezvimwe.
2.Zvinhu zvemadhayi ane acid
Boka rine acidic muasidhi dhayi kazhinji rinobva pane sulfonic acid boka (-SO3H) uye iripo muchimiro che sodium sulfonic acid munyu (-SO3NA) pamorekuru wedhayi.Uye zvakare mamwe anobva pane sodium carboxylate (-COONA).
Asidhi madhayi ane yakanaka solubility yemvura, yakajeka ruvara mumvuri, yakazara chromatography uye yakapusa mamorekuru chimiro kupfuura mamwe madhayi.Zvakare nekuda kwekushaikwa kwenguva refu conjugate coherent system mumamorekuru edhayi, kunanga kwedhayi asidhi kwakadzikira.
3.The reaction mechanism yemadhayi ane acid
Makushe — NH3+ + -O3S - Dhayi → Makushe - NH3+·-O3S - Dye
Sirika - NH3+ + -O3S - Dhayi → Sirika - NH3+·-O3S - Dye
Naironi - NH3+ + -O3S - Dhayi → Nylon - NH3+·-O3S - Dye
Zvikamu zveAcid Dyes
1.Kuronga nema molecular chimiro chedhayi mubereki
■ Dhayi dzeAzo (Akaundi ye60%. Broad spectrum)
■ Dhayi dzeAnthraquinone (Akaundi ye20%. Zvikuru imhando yebhuruu negirinhi)
■ Triaromatic methane dhayi (Akaundi ye10%. Yepepuru uye yegirinhi series)
■ Heterocyclic dhayi (Akaundi ye10%. Tsvuku nepepuru series.)
2.Kurongwa nepH yedhayi
■ Madhayi ane asidhi mune yakasimba asidhi yekugezera: Kudhaya pH kukosha ndeye 2.5 ~ 4.Kutsanya kwechiedza kwakanaka, asi kunyorova kwekubata nekukurumidza hakuna kunaka.Mumvuri weruvara wakajeka uye kuyera pfuma yakanaka.
∎ Madhayi ane asidhi mune isina simba asidhi yekugezera: Kudhaya pH kukosha ndeye 4 ~ 5.Muyero weboka re sulfonic acid mune molecular chimiro chedhayi yakaderera.Saka kunyungudika kwemvura kwakashata zvishoma.Kunyorova kubata kutsanya kuri nani pane madhayi ane acid mune yakasimba asidhi yekugezera, asikuenzanapfuma iri shoma shoma.
■ Madhayi ane asidhi muutural acid bath: Kudhaya pH kukosha ndeye 6 ~ 7.Muyero we sulfonic acid boka mune molecular chimiro chedhayi yakaderera.Kunyungudika kwedhayi kwakadzikira uye nzvimbo yekuenzanisa haina kunaka.Mumvuri wemuvara hauna kujeka zvakakwana, asi kunyorova kubata nekukurumidza kwakakwira.
Iyo Yakajairika Ruvara Kutsanya kweAcid Dyes
1.Kutsanya kwechiedza
Iko kupikisa kwemavara emucheka kune chiedza chekugadzira.Kazhinji inoedzwa maererano ne ISO105 B02.
2.Kutsanya kwemavarakukuwacha
Iko kupikisa kwemavara emucheka kushambidza pasi pemamiriro akasiyana, se ISO105 C01\C03\E01, nezvimwe.
3.Color fastness kusvika pakukwesha
Iko kupikisa kwemavara emucheka kune kukwesha chiito.Inogona kupatsanurwa kuita fastness kuoma kukwesha uye kukurumidza kunyorova kupuruzira.
4.Color fastness kune chlorine mvura
Iyo inonzi zvakare colorfastness kune chlorine dziva mvura.Kazhinji ndeyekutevedzera kusanganisirwa kweklorini mudziva rekushambira kuti uedze kuramba kwejira kune chlorine discoloration.Semuenzaniso, nzira yekuedza ISO105 E03 (Iyo inoshanda yeklorini yemukati ndeye 50ppm.) inokodzera zvipfeko zvenaironi zvekushambira.
5.Color fastness kusvika dikita
Iko kupikisa kwemavara emucheka kune dikita remunhu.Zvinoenderana neasidhi uye alkali yedikita, inogona kupatsanurwa kuita kukurumidza kwemavara kune acid dikita uye kukurumidza kwemavara kune alkali dikita.Micheka yakadhayiwa nedhayi yeasidhi kazhinji inoyedzerwa kumhanyisa kweruvara kune alkali dikita.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-16-2022