Parizvino, maitiro akajairika ekugadzirwa kwemucheka kugadziridzwa kwakanaka, kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirisa, giredhi repamusoro, kupatsanurwa, kugadziridza, kushongedza uye kushanda, nezvimwe. Uye nzira dzekuwedzera kukosha kunotorwa kuvandudza hupfumi.
Kudhaya uye kupedzisa maitiro kunogona kuvandudza utility uye kupfeka kukosha uye kukosha kwehupfumi hwemachira.Ndiyo nzira yakakosha yekurapa machira, ayo anosanganisira pretreatment, dhayi uye kupedza, nezvimwe.
Pretreatment
Micheka isina kudhayiwa uye kupedzisa yakaunganidzwa inonzi jira mbishi kana grey machira.Pakati, ishoma chete inounzwa kumusika, uye mazhinji acho achiri kuda kuvandudzwa kuita jira rakacheneswa, jira reruvara kana jira rakafananidzirwa mufekitori yekudhinda nekudhaya kuti ishandiswe nevatengi.Kazhinji, machira egrey ane huwandu hwakati hwetsvina, sechinhu chinopindirana chedonje fiber, tsvina, saizi mumiriri mukuputira shinda,makemikari fiberkuruka mafuta uye kusvibisa girizi tsvina, etc. Kana izvi tsvina netsvina zvikasabviswa, hazvizongopesvedzera mumvuri weruvara uye kunzwa kweruoko rwemachira, asi zvakare kuchaita kuti hunyoro hutore kuita, zvichiita kuti kusaenzana kufa uye kwete kupenya kwemavara. mumvuri.Zvakare ivo vanozokanganisa kudhaya kukurumidza.
Chinangwa chepretreatment ndechekubvisa marudzi ese etsvina kubva mumucheka pasi pemamiriro ekuti jira regrey harina kukuvadzwa zvishoma, uye kuita grey jira rive chena uye rakapfava semi-yakapedza chigadzirwa mukunyorova kwakanaka kwekudhaya uye kudhinda.Pretreatment ndiyo nzira yekugadzirira yekudhaya uye kudhinda maitiro.Inonziwo scouring uye bleaching.Kune micheka yekotoni nekotoni inosanganiswa, iyo pretreatment process inosanganisira kugadzirira, kuimba, desizing, scouring, bleaching uye mercerizing, etc. Asi kune marudzi akasiyana emachira, zvinodiwa zve pretreatment zvakasiyana.Uye mamiriro ekugadzira mumafekitari anosiyana kubva mudunhu nedunhu.Nokudaro, matanho ekugadzirisa uye teknolojia yezvigadzirwa zvemicheka zvinowanzosiyana.
Dyeing
Kudhaya ndiyo nzira yekushanda yekupenda fiber zvinhu.Iyo physicochemical kana kemikari musanganiswa wedhayi uye fiber.Kana kuti inzira yekuti dhayi inogadzirwa nekemikari pafayibha, zvichiita kuti machira ese ave chinhu chine ruvara.
Zvinoenderana nezvakasiyana zvinhu zvekudhaya, nzira dzekudhaya dzinogona kukamurwa kuita dhayi yemucheka, dhayi yeshinda uye yakasununguka fiber dyeing.Pakati, kudhaya machira kunonyanya kushandiswa.Kufa kweshinda kunonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira machira ane mavara uye akarukwa machira.Uye yakasununguka faibha dyeing inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemusanganiswa kana makobvu uye machira matete, mazhinji acho ari machira eshinda.
Chinangwa chekudhaya tsvakurudzo ndechekusarudza nekushandisa dhayi zvine musoro, kugadzira uye kuitisa nzira yekudhaya nemazvo uye kuwana zvemhando yepamusoro dhayi zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa.
Kupedza
Mumakore achangopfuura, kupera kwemachira kwakakura nekukurumidza.Yakatogadzirwa kubva pakungotamba hunhu hwefiber pasina kusimba mhedzisiro kusvika pakushandisa mhando nyowani yekupedzisa maejenti uye midziyo yekupa machira kuita zvirinani uye mhedzisiro inogara, senge kuteedzera kuteedzera kwemafivha echisikigo uye mafivha ekugadzira mukuita uye chitarisiko.Mushure mekupedza, jira rinogona kuwana akakosha mabasa ayo iyo fiber pachayo haina pakutanga.
Zvinoenderana nechinangwa chekupedzisa, kupera kwemachira kunogona kukamurwa kuita zvinotevera akati wandei zvinhu:
(1) Kugadzira machira muhupamhi hwakarongeka uye saizi yakagadzikana uye chimiro, senge tentering, anti-shrinking, anti-wrinkling uye kupisa kupisa, etc. Inonzi kugadzika kupedzisa.
(2) Kuvandudza kunzwa ruokozvemachira, zvakadai sekuomesa kupedzisa uye kupfava kupera, etc. Inogona kutora nzira yemagetsi, nzira yemakemikari kana zvose zviri zviviri kugadzirisa machira.
(3) Kuvandudza chitarisiko chemicheka, semumvuri wemavara, kuchena uye drapability, nezvimwewo, kusanganisira calendering kupedzisa, kuchena kupedzisa uye kumwe kupedzisa kunonatsiridza kushanda kwepamusoro pemachira.
(4) Kuvandudza mamwe mashandisirwo uye mashandiro ekupfeka, senge flam-retardant kupera, kupedzisa-kusapinda kwemvura uye kupera kwehutsanana kwemachira edonje uye.hydrophilic kupedza, anti-static kupedzisa uye anti-pilling kupera kwemakemikari fiber machira.
Kudhaya uye Kudhinda Mvura Yakasviba
Pakati peindasitiri yemachira, indasitiri yekudhaya nekudhinda ndiyo inoshandisa mvura yakawanda.Sesvikiro, mvura inotora chikamu mukudhaya uye kupedza.Iyo yekudhaya uye kudhinda tsvina yemvura ine yakawanda yemvura, yakakwira chroma uye yakaoma kuumbwa.Mvura yetsvina ine dhayi, saizi ejenti, anobatsira, kuruka mafuta, asidhi, alkali, fiber tsvina uye inorganic munyu, nezvimwe. vane chepfu yakakura yebiological, iyo inosvibisa zvakakomba nharaunda.Nekudaro, kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwekudhaya uye kudhinda mvura yetsvina uye kugadzira yakachena kwakakosha zvakanyanya.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-10-2020