Ilaa hadda, daabacaadda dharka iyomidabaynta, cellulase, amylase, pectinase, lipase, peroxidase iyo laccase/glucose oxidase waa lixda enzyme ee ugu weyn ee inta badan la isticmaalo.
1.Cellulase
Cellulase (β-1, 4-glucan-4-glucan hydrolase) waa koox enzymes ah oo hoos u dhigta cellulose si ay u soo saarto gulukoos.Ma aha hal ensaymes, laakiin waa hab-dhiska qaybo badan oo ka kooban enzymes, kaas oo ah enzyme adag.Waxay inta badan ka kooban tahay β-glucanase la gooyey, β-glucanase endoexcised iyo β-glucosidase, iyo sidoo kale xylanase oo leh dhaqdhaqaaq sare.Waxay u shaqeysaa on cellulose.Waana badeecada ka soo baxda cellulose.
Waxa kale oo loo yaqaannaa polishing enzyme, wakiilka jarista iyo adhiga dharka ka saaraya wakiilka, iwm.
2.Pectinase
Pectinase waa enzym kakan, kaas oo loola jeedo enzymes kala duwan oo soo saara pectin.Waxay inta badan ka kooban tahay pectin lyase, pectinesterase, polygalacturonase iyo pectinate lyase.Waxaa inta badan lagu dabaqaa habka daawaynta ka hor ee suufka iyo fiilooyinka linenka.Waxa lagu dari karaa noocyo kale oo ensaymes ah, oo loo yaqaanno scouring enzyme.
PS: Waa enzyme-ka dhabta ah ee xoqista!
3.Lipase
Lipase waxay ku shubi kartaa dufanka glycerol iyo acids dufanka leh.Asiidhyada dufanka lehna waxa lagu sii ogaysiinayaa sonkorta.
Warshadaha dharka, lipase waxaa inta badan laga codsadaa in la nadiifiyo alaabta dharka iyo hagaajinta guryaha.Waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu daweeyo dhogorta dhogorta si looga saaro qaar ka mid ah dufanka ku jira dhogorta, taas oo ka dhigaysa dhogorta dhogorta inay yeeshaan isbeddel jidheed iyo kiimiko waxayna wanaajisaa tayadadhogorta.
PS: Protease sidoo kale waxaa lagu mari karaa dhogorta.Waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa dhamaystirka u adkaysiga dhogorta dhogorta.
4.Catalase
Catalase waa enzim ka soo saara burburka hydrogen peroxide ee oksijiinta iyo biyaha.Waxaa laga helaa jirka peroxide ee unugyada.Catalase waa ensaymka calaamadda ah ee peroxidase, kaas oo qiyaastii ah 40% wadarta guud ee peroxisome-ka.Catalase waxaa laga helaa unug kasta oo ka mid ah dhammaan xayawaanka la yaqaan.Gaar ahaan waxay ku jirtaa beerka oo aad u badan.
Warshadaha daabacaadda iyo midabaynta, catalase waxaa badanaa loo yaqaannaa enzyme deoxidizing.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxaa jira laba nooc oo waaweyn oo la isticmaalo, sida catalase beerka xoolaha iyo catalase dhirta.Ka dambe wuxuu leeyahay waxqabad wanaagsan.
5.Amylase
Amylase waa erey guud oo loogu talagalay enzymes-ka hydrolyzed starch iyo glycogen.Guud ahaan, istaarijka istaarijka ah ee marada waxaa ku shuba amylase.Sababtoo ah waxtarka sare iyo qeexitaanka amylase, heerka dhimista enzyme waa mid sarreeya oo xawliga yaraynta xawaaraha waa dhakhso.Sidoo kale waxa ay leedahay wasakh yar.Dharka la daweeyay waajilicsanmarka loo eego kuwa lagu daaweeyay habka aashitada iyo habka alkali.Sidoo kale ma dhaawici doonto fiber-ka.
Amylase waxaa caadi ahaan loo yaqaan desizing enzyme ee warshadaha daabacaadda iyo midabaynta.Marka loo eego heerkulka isticmaalka kala duwan, waxa loo qaybin karaa heerkulka caadiga ah desizing enzyme, heerkulka dhexdhexaadka ah desizing enzyme, heerkulka sare desizing enzyme iyo heerkulka ballaaran desizing enzyme, iwm.
6.Laccase/ Glucose oxidase
Laccase waa nooc ka mid ah oxidation-reduction enzyme, kaas oo ah aspergillus niger laccase hidde ahaan wax laga beddelay.Waxaa lagu dabaqi karaa habka loo dhammeeyo xirashada jiinisyada.Dharka la daweeyay waxay leeyihiin dareen gacan dhumuc weyn leh oo dusha siman leh iyo dhalaal dhalaalaya oo qurux badan.Glucose oxidase waxaa inta badan lagu dabaqaa habka bleaching ee dharka.Dharka la daweeyay waxay leeyihiin dareen gacan jilicsan oo buuran.
PS: Isku dhafka laccase iyo gulukoos oxidase waxaa loo isticmaali karaa insaymka bleaching habka daaweynta ka hor.Laakiin kharashka awgeed, ma laha dallacaad weyn.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-01-2022