Ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kolwakhiwo lwe-organicioli ye-silicone, isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-textile softening finishing. Iindidi zayo eziphambili zezi: isizukulwana sokuqala i-oyile ye-silicone ye-hydroxyl kunye neoli ye-silicone ye-hydrogen, isizukulwana sesibini i-amino silicone oil, ukuya kwisizukulwana sesithathu i-oyile ye-silicone ye-block. Njengoko imfuno yabantu yokubamba iye yaphucuka, ioli ye-silicone ye-organic iye yadlula amashumi eminyaka yokuphucula.
I-1.Hydroxyl ioli ye-silicone
Isakhiwo esiphambili se-oyile ye-silicone ye-hydroxyl yi-polymer ehambelanayo kunye namaqela e-hydroxyl kuzo zombini iziphelo kunye ne-silicon ye-silicon njengekhonkco eliphambili. Indlela eqhelekileyo yokudibanisa yileyo yenziwa yi-hydrolyzing polycondensation ye-dimethyl dichlorosilane. Ngenxa yamandla ayo aphantsi komhlaba, i-polarity ebuthathaka kunye ne-adsorption ebuthathaka kwi-substrate surface, ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kweoli ye-silicone ye-hydroxyl kufuna ubunzima obuphezulu be-molecular ukuba ibe nefuthe elihle lesicelo. Ke ngoko, ngokubanzi ioli ye-silicone ye-hydroxyl esetyenziswa njengokugqibaisithambisiyipolima enobunzima obuphezulu bemolekyuli. Kuvela i-drawback yokuba njenge-oyile ye-silicone, ngenxa yamandla aphantsi komhlaba kunye ne-dispersibility embi kakhulu yamanzi, umlinganiselo ophezulu we-emulsifiers kunye nomatshini wokucheba kunye nokusabalalisa okuphakamileyo kuyafuneka ukuze kufakwe kwaye kuyisasaze kwii-microemulsions ezingcono. Kodwa phezu kwako nje oku, ukuzinza kwayo ukwaluphala kusekubi. Kuza kubakho i-emulsion stratification phenomenon emva kwexesha elide ibekwe.
I-2.Ioli ye-silicone ye-Hydrogen
Isakhiwo esiphambili se-hydrogen ioli ye-silicone i-polysiloxane ene-silicon-hydrogen bond isasazwe ngokulinganayo kwiqela le-silicon oxygen chain. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokudibanisa ziquka i-hydrolytic polycondensation ye-methyl hydrodichlorosilane kunye ne-ring-opening polymerization ye-hydrosiloxane ring body. Ngenxa yokuba uzinzo lwe-silicon-hydrogen bond ihlwempuzekile, kulula ukuyikhupha kwaye ngoko kulula ukuyibhengeza ngamaqela e-polar kwizinto ezilukiweyo. Ke inepropathi ye-adsorptive engcono. Inokusebenza kakuhle kwesicelo kwiifiber ze-cellulose kunye neeprotheni zeprotheyini, ngelixa impembelelo embi kwimicu yekhemikhali. Ngokufanayo neoli ye-silicone ye-hydroxyl, ukusebenza kwayo kwe-emulsifying ayilungile kwaye ukuzinza kwayo kubi. Ukuba umxholo we-hydrogen uphezulu kakhulu ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kulula ukukhokelela ekubeni umxholo we-hydrogen onemigca uphezulu kakhulu, onobungozi kwindawo yokushisa ephezulu xa ubeka.
3.Amino ioli ye-silicone
Ulwakhiwo oluphambili lweioli ye-amino silicone isa i-polysiloxane equlethe iqela le-amino emacaleni emva kwe-polymerization ngokongeza i-amino silane yokudibanisa i-agent. Ukuthamba kunye ne-dispersibility yamanzi ye-polysiloxane iphuculwe kakhulu ngenxa ye-adsorption efanelekileyo kunye nokukwazi ukubopha iqela le-amino kwilaphu kunye ne-polarity efanelekileyo. Ngokukodwa kumalaphu e-cellulose fibers, inesiphumo esihle kakhulu sokusetyenziswa. Ngokulungelelanisa ixabiso le-ammonia, uhlobo lwe-amino silane yokudibanisa kunye nesisindo se-molecular yeoli ye-amino silicone inokulungiswa. Oko kunokulungiselela iziphumo ezityebileyo zesicelo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ikhonkco layo eliphambili lisesisakhiwo se-siloxane, ngoko ke ifuna i-emulsifying agent engaphezulu ukufezekisa isiphumo esingcono se-emulsifying. Kwangaxeshanye, kuba umsebenzi we-amino we-amino silicone oyile uphezulu kwaye ikwakwithambo elisecaleni. Ngoko ke kunzima ukuyisusa kwilaphu emva kwe-adsorption. Oko kuya kuba nzima ukususa kwi-textile yokudaya kunye nenkqubo yokugqiba xa ifuna ukuguqula umbala, ukuphelisa imibimbi okanye amabala e-silicone. Kwakhona ukuxhathisa kumanzi anzima okanye amanzi e-alkali ye-emulsion yawo zombini buthathaka.
4.Vimba ioli ye-silicone
Isakhiwo esiphambili se-oyile ye-silicone ye-block kukuba kwikhonkco ephambili ye-polysiloxane ifakwe, ifakwe kwaye ifakwe i-polymerized kunye namacandelo athile e-hydrophilic polyether chain. Ngendlela yokuthintela, ukukhwabanisa kunye ne-polymerizing kunye necandelo le-amino chain, eliphucula ukusebenza kwe-hydrophilic kunye nepropati ye-emulsifying ye-siloxane. Ngokulungelelanisa umlinganiselo, iintlobo kunye nobunzima be-molecular yamacandelo amathathu ekhonkco, kunokulungiselela iimveliso ezininzi. Ukugqithiswa kwayo okungcono kwe-hydrophilic, ifaneleke ngakumbi ukuthomalalisa ukugqiba imicu yemichiza, kunye nokusebenza okungcono kokuguqula umbala kunye nokususa. Kuba iqela le-amino lele-ammonia, i-tertiary ammonia kunye ne-quaternary ammonia, akukho lula ukuba tyheli. Kwakhona sisithambiso esidumileyo kuphando lohlengahlengiso kule mihla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-08-2021