Umgomo wokuSebenza we-ejenti yokuhlunga

Inqubo ye-scouring iyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ye-physicochemical, ehlanganisa imisebenzi yokungena, ukufaka i-emulsifying, ukuhlakaza, ukuwasha kanye nokucwenga, njll. Imisebenzi eyisisekelo yei-ejenti yokuhlanzaohlelweni lokukhuhla ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa izici ezilandelayo.

 1.Ukumanzisa nokungena.

Ukungena kubalulekile ohlelweni lokukhuhla.Okokuqala, ohlelweni lweukotiniukukhula, i-galacturonic acid ye-pectin ihlangana kancane ne-Ca²⁺kanye noMg²⁺emanzini angaphansi komhlaba ukwenza usawoti we-pectin ongancibiliki emanzini futhi onzima ukuwukhukhumeza.I-Pectin isatshalaliswa odongeni oluyinhloko lwe-cellulose surface futhi ivimbela i-hygroscopicity yodonga lwangaphakathi lwesibili, olubalelwa ku-98% we-cellulose.Izinto ze-waxy ku-cotton fiber kanye nokungcola okunamafutha ku-ejenti yokulinganisa eyinsalela kwenza kube nzima ukuthi i-ejenti yokukhuhla ingene ku-fibrous.ntamboizikhala ezihlanganisa ama-capillary axhumayo anobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.Okwesibili, inqubo yokuhlanza yenziwa ngesisombululo se-caustic soda endaweni ethile.Ngenxa yokuthi ukushuba kwendawo yesisombululo se-caustic soda kuphezulu kakhulu, kunzima ukuthi i-ejenti yokukhuhla ingene.Ukuze wenze inqubo yokukhuhla ngempumelelo, kuyadingeka ukuphafuza imicu futhi uthuthukise indawo yokuxhumanisa phakathi kwesixazululo ne-fiber, edinga ukwengeza i-surfactant efanelekile enganciphisa ukungezwani kwesisombululo kanye nokungezwani phakathi kobuso phakathi kwesisombululo ne-fiber.Ukuze i-fiber ikwazi ukuxhumana ne-ejenti yokukhuhla ngokugcwele futhi kangcono, isheshisa ukumanzisa nokungena.

Ngokuvumelana nethiyori eyisisekelo yokumanzisa nokungena, ngokukhangisa kusixhumi esibonakalayo, ama-surfactants anganciphisa kakhulu i-γLG ne-γLS, enze ukumanzisa kube lula.Ngasikhathi sinye, ingakhuphula umfutho we-static wekholomu ye-capillary, okuzuzisa ukuthi i-ejenti yokukhuhla ingene engxenyeni engaphakathi yemicu.Ikhwalithi ye-ejenti yokukhuhla incike kakhulu ekhonweni layo lokunciphisa ukushuba kwendawo kanye nezinga lokungena.

2.Ukugeza okokuhlanza.

Umsebenzi wokuwasha okokuhlanza enqubweni yokukhuhla uyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.Okokuqala, kufanele yenze buthaka amandla okunamathela phakathi kwento e-waxy saponified kanye ne-oily substance kanye nezindwangu futhi ishwabene kancane kancane.Bese ikhipha amafutha endwangu ngesenzo somshini futhi ifake i-emulsion yamanzi kawoyela ukuze ivimbele ukuthi ingangcoliswa futhi.Ama-non-ionic surfactants ngokuvamile angama-emulsifiers amahle kakhulu.Nakuba ama-anionic surfactants azokwakha isendlalelo se-electrode ephindwe kabili kusixhumi esibonakalayo se-waxy/amanzi ukuze kuvinjelwe izinhlayiya zikawoyela ukuthi zingahlangani ndawonye, ​​lokho kunenzuzo ukwenza uhlelo lwe-emulsion oluzinzile.Okwesibili, kufanele ihlakaze ukubola kwe-alkaline ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kabusha, okuzosebenzisa umsebenzi wokuhlakaza wama-surfactants, kanye nomsebenzi wezinye i-inorganic or organic chelating dispersing agents.

Uhlobo olulodwa noma isakhiwo se-surfactant kunzima ukufeza ngempumelelo imiphumela engenhla ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuxuba izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezimbili ezihlukene kanye nezakhiwo ezahlukene zama-surfactants.Ingakwazi ukulungisa kahle izinhlobo zazo, izakhiwo kanye nomthethosisekelo ukuze inikeze i-Hydrophile Lipophilic Balance (HLB) efanelekile ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zokungcola kwamafutha emulsifying, futhi inevolumu eyanele ye-micellar kanye ne-CMC ephansi ngokwanele kanye nokungezwani kwendawo (γCMC).Izokwenza uhlelo lwe-ejenti yokuhlunga lugcine ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokumanzisa kanye ne-emulsification enhle kakhulu, ukuhlakazeka kanye nezindawo zokuhlanza.

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