Okubizwa ngokuthi isibambo esithambile nesinethezekile sezindwangu kuwumuzwa ophathekayo otholakala ngokuthinta izindwangu ngeminwe yakho.Lapho abantu bethinta izindwangu, iminwe yabo iyashelela futhi ihlikihle phakathi kwemicu, umuzwa wesandla sendwangu nokuthamba kunobudlelwano obuthile ne-coefficient yokungqubuzana okuguquguqukayo kwemicu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-fluffiness, i-plumpness kanye nokunwebeka kuzokwenza ukuthi umuzwa wesandla wendwangu uthambile.Kuyakhombisa ukuthiumuzwa wesandlaihlobene nesakhiwo esingaphezulu se-fiber.Thatha ama-softeners angama-surfactant njengesibonelo.Umgomo wokusebenza kwezithambile ngokuvamile ucatshangwa ukuthi uchazwa ngezindlela ezimbili.Kulula kuma-surfactants ukuthi abe ne-adsorption eqondile ebusweni bemicu.Nakuba lawo ma-surfactants akhangiswa ezindaweni eziqinile ezivamile anciphisa ukushuba kwendawo, indawo engaphezulu kwefayibha kunzima ukunwetshwa.Futhi imicu yendwangu yenziwe nge-macromolecule eqondile enendawo enkulu kakhulu ethize kanye nesimo esinde kakhulu, iketango layo lamangqamuzana linokuguquguquka okuhle.Ngemva kokumunca ama-surfactants, ukungezwani kwendawo kuyehla, okwenza imicu kube lula ukunwebeka phezulu futhi andise ubude.Ukuze izindwangu zibe fluffy, plump, elastic and soft.Lapho i-adsorption ye-surfactant iqina endaweni yefayibha kanye nokuncishiswa okukhulu kwe-fiber surface tension, umphumela othambile ubonakala kakhudlwana.Ama-Cationic surfactants angakhangiswa kakhulu endaweni yefayibha ngamandla e-electrostatic (Imicu eminingi ineshaje engaphezulu engalungile).Lapho iqembu le-cationic libhekene ne-fiber kanye neqembu le-hydrophobic libheke emoyeni, umphumela wokunciphisa ukungezwani kwe-fiber surface mkhulu.
Ukumuncwa okugxilile kwama-surfactants endaweni yefayibha kwakha ifilimu elincanyana lamaqembu e-hydrophobic ahlelwe kahle ngaphandle, okubangela ukungqubuzana phakathi kwemicu phakathi kwamaqembu e-hydrophobic ashelelayo angqubuzane.Ngenxa yobuningi bamaqembu e-hydrophobic, i-coefficient ye-friction iyancipha kakhulu.Futhi iqembu le-hydrophobic chain lide, liyashelela kalula.Ukuncipha kwe-friction coefficient futhi kunciphisa i-flexural modulus namandla okucindezela ezindwangu, ngenxa yalokho kunomthelelaisibambo.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuncipha kwe-friction coefficient kwenza kube lula ukuthi izintambo zisheleleke lapho indwangu ingaphansi kwamandla angaphandle, ukuze ingcindezi ihlakazeke futhi amandla okudabula abe ngcono.Noma phakathi nenqubo yokusebenza, imicu engaphansi kwamandla aqinile ijwayele ukubuyela esimweni sokukhululeka kalula, yenze isibambo sithambe.Uma abantu bethinta imicu, i-static friction coefficient idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthambile kwendwangu.Kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa, umuzwa wesandla esithambile wamafayibha uhlobene kakhulu nokwehliswa kwe-coefficient ye-static friction.
I-ejenti yokuqedela ukuthambisa ngokuvamile ibhekisela kwinhlanganisela engakhangiswa ku-fiber futhi ibushelelezi ingaphezulu le-fiber, okwandisa ukuthamba kwefayibha.Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziswai-ejenti yokuthambisa, njengama-surfactants nama-ejenti aphezulu athambisa amangqamuzana.Ama-high-molecular softening agents ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa izithambisa ze-silicone nama-emulsions e-polyethylene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-08-2022